In times of record-breaking heat and drought, gardeners face new challenges in keeping their roses healthy and thriving. Paul Zimmerman, a well-respected voice in the world of roses, recently addressed these concerns in a video aimed at helping rose enthusiasts navigate extreme weather conditions. As temperatures soar across the western United States and other regions, many rose growers are left wondering how to mitigate the impact on their beloved plants. This article delves into the practical tips and unconventional advice Paul shared, ensuring that even under harsh conditions, your roses can endure and possibly even flourish.
Understanding Extreme Heat and Drought
Paul begins by distinguishing between regular heatwaves and the extreme conditions that parts of the western U.S. are currently experiencing. In regions where temperatures soar to 110-115 degrees Fahrenheit with little to no rainfall or humidity, standard gardening practices often fall short. Unlike the humid environment Paul experiences in South Carolina, dry heat accelerates water loss in plants, making hydration a critical focus. Follow along with the original video here:
Start with the Soil
The first line of defense against extreme heat lies beneath the surface. According to Paul, soil moisture retention is vital. The most effective way to achieve this is through the combination of soaker hoses and mulch. Soaker hoses deliver water directly to the soil, minimizing evaporation. By covering the hoses with 4-6 inches of mulch, gardeners can lock in moisture and prevent it from escaping into the dry air. In contrast, traditional sprinklers or micro-sprinklers often lose significant amounts of water to evaporation before it even reaches the soil, especially under intense heat.
Additionally, deep watering sessions are highly beneficial. Watering deeply but less frequently encourages roots to grow further down into the soil, creating more resilient and drought-tolerant plants. This helps roses tap into deeper moisture reserves during dry spells. Shallow watering, on the other hand, promotes surface-level roots that are more vulnerable to heat stress.
Potted Roses Have an Advantage
Gardeners with potted roses hold a unique advantage—mobility. Paul advises moving potted roses to areas where they receive morning sun but are shaded in the afternoon. Eastern-facing walls or shaded patios offer an excellent refuge from the harsh midday heat. In extreme conditions, he reassures gardeners that it is difficult to overwater potted roses, as long as the pots have good drainage. However, it’s important to avoid consistently soggy soil, as prolonged wetness can lead to root rot. A simple way to check is by ensuring the top layer of soil feels damp but not overly saturated. Daily watering is encouraged to ensure the soil remains consistently moist without water pooling at the base.
Shade is Key
For roses planted directly in the ground, providing shade can significantly reduce water loss and protect the plants from scorching. Paul commends gardeners for their ingenuity, using anything from patio umbrellas and lawn chairs to cardboard and cloth to shield their roses. The goal is simple: reduce exposure to the intense afternoon sun without completely depriving the plants of light.
Leave the Fried Leaves Alone
A surprising piece of advice Paul offers is to resist the urge to remove leaves that appear burnt or crispy. While it may seem counterintuitive, these damaged leaves provide a protective canopy for the canes beneath, preventing further water loss. By leaving them intact, gardeners can preserve the moisture within the plant, allowing it to survive until conditions improve.
Stop Deadheading and Fertilizing
Another unconventional but essential tip is to stop deadheading and fertilizing during periods of extreme heat. These practices encourage new growth, which demands additional energy and water—resources that are already scarce. By allowing the roses to enter a semi-dormant state, they can conserve energy and focus on survival rather than new blooms.
Once conditions improve, gradual reintroduction of fertilization and light pruning can help roses recover without overwhelming them. Start with diluted fertilizers and ease back into regular care routines to avoid shocking the plants.
Misting to Imitate Humidity
Perhaps the most surprising recommendation from Paul is to mist roses during the day. While gardeners are often cautioned against wetting foliage to avoid fungal diseases like black spot, Paul argues that in extreme heat and low humidity, the risk of black spot is minimal. Misting creates a localized humid environment, reducing water loss through the leaves and cooling the surrounding air. Paul suggests using a fine mist nozzle and spraying above the plants, allowing the droplets to settle gently. Some gardeners mist their roses two to three times a day, and Paul fully endorses this approach.
Roses are Resilient
As Paul concludes, he reminds gardeners that roses are remarkably resilient. Many varieties, including those found thriving in cemeteries and abandoned gardens, have survived years of neglect and harsh conditions. While some losses may occur, Paul encourages gardeners to view this as an opportunity to select hardier varieties better suited to their environment. When replacing roses, he suggests opting for varieties with dark, waxy leaves, which are more effective at retaining moisture.
Final Thoughts
Paul’s message is clear: don’t panic. With a few strategic adjustments, roses can weather even the most extreme conditions. By focusing on water retention, providing shade, and temporarily halting growth stimulation, gardeners can help their roses survive record-breaking heat and drought. Above all, Paul emphasizes the importance of self-care, reminding gardeners to stay hydrated while tending to their plants.
Whether you’re a seasoned rose grower or new to the world of gardening, these tips offer a practical guide to protecting your roses when the weather turns unforgiving. Happy gardening!
Paul Zimmerman is the founder of Paul Zimmerman Roses, dedicated to the philosophy that “Roses Are Plants, Too.” With decades of hands-on experience, Paul specializes in all kinds of roses but particularly antique, shrub, and David Austin roses. A sought-after designer, consultant and educator, he designs sustainable rose gardens for private clients and public institutions both in person and virtually
